Parent hydride

 ( Chemical Nomenclature ) 

In chemistry, a parent hydride in IUPAC nomenclature refers to a main group compound with the formula , where A is a main group element. The names of parent hydrides end with -ane, analogous with the nomenclature for alkanes. Derivatives of parent hydrides are named by appending prefixes or suffixes to the name of the parent hydride to indicate the that replace the hydrogen atoms.

Parent hydrides are used in both the organic nomenclature, and inorganic nomenclature systems. Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations 2005 (Red Book) Par. IR-6 Parent Hydride Names and Substitutive Nomenclature - Full text PDF

+Parent hydride names for group 13-17 elements (with standard bond numbers) !13 !14 !15 !16 !Hydrogen halide
BH3, borane	CH4, methane*	NH3, azane (ammonia)*	OH2, oxidane (water)*	FH, fluorane (hydrogen fluoride)*
AlH3, alumane (aluminum hydride)	SiH4, silane*	PH3, phosphane (phosphine)*	SH2, sulfane (hydrogen sulfide)*	ClH, chlorane (hydrogen chloride)*
GaH3, gallane	GeH4, germane*	AsH3, arsane (arsine)*	SeH2, selane (hydrogen selenide)*	BrH, bromane (hydrogen bromide)*
InH3, indigane	SnH4, stannane*	SbH3, stibane	TeH2, tellane (hydrogen telluride)*	IH, iodane (hydrogen iodide)*
TlH3, thallane	PbH4, plumbane	BiH3, bismuthane	PoH2, polane	AtH, astatane

*extensive body of chemistry

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Reactions and structure Parent hydrides are useful reference compounds, but many are nonexistent or unstable. Boron group parent hydrides exist only under extraordinary conditions. Borane dimerizes irreversibly. Gallane and heavier congeners polymerize, sometimes with loss of hydrogen. Plumbane and bismuthane, stibane, indane, thallane are unstable.

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See also

• Borderline hydrides
• Hydride
• Preferred IUPAC name

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